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The Panama Canal: Why the Water Is Running Out

Katy & TheoEpisode 5 of Maps That Explain the World1 min

Every ship that crosses Panama drinks a city's worth of fresh water — and then throws it at the ocean.

Transcript

Katy

One point one million dollars. That's what a single ship paid... to skip the line. Panama Canal, August this year. Slot auctions averaged one point one million dollars, sixteen times what they cost a year earlier. And here's the thing that makes no sense. The canal connects two oceans. It is SURROUNDED by water. So what exactly is running out? Fresh water. Because the canal isn't a ditch between seas... it's a staircase, and every step is filled from a rain-fed lake. One ship through means about fifty-two million gallons of fresh water... released, downhill, into the sea. Gone. Every single transit. Because the canal climbs a hill. Ships have to be lifted about eighty-five feet above sea level, over the spine of Panama, and the thing doing the lifting is a lake sitting up there. Gravity fills each lock chamber from that lake. And gravity only runs one way... so the water that lifts you can never climb back up. It drains to the ocean. So picture that hill. Why couldn't they just cut straight through at sea level, the way Suez does?

Sources

Katy and Theo researched this episode from these sources.

  1. Statement from the Panama Canal Authority - Autoridad del Canal de Panamá
  2. 'We all need water': Panama's canal, and people, thirst for more
  3. The Panama Canal needs a staggering amount of water to operate. Climate change could threaten that, study warns
  4. Panama Canal: Gatun Lake Reaches Historic Highs: Rainfall and Good Water Management - Newsroom Panama
  5. Every ship through the Panama Canal sends about 50 million gallons of fresh water out to sea, the lake meant to replace that loss costs $1.6 billion and will not hold a drop before 2031, and the canal has already cut how deep ships can sit five times this year
  6. Panama Canal
  7. Protests Rise Over Panama Canal’s New Water Project : The Tico Times
  8. First Panama Canal Water-Saving Basin Filled, Testing Process Begins - Autoridad del Canal de Panamá
  9. Panama Canal - Locks, Shipping, History
  10. Panama Canal Water Conservation Measures: A Guide to the Impact on Shipping - Adimar Shipping, Inc
  11. The Panama Canal Bounced Back from Drought — But El Nino Looms
  12. Panama Canal Proposes New Reservoir to Secure Water Supply